goldfields

An “uncertain state of affairs” on Rancho Chico — the price of beef is low, old Mr. Potter is sick and near death, too many of the former employees were nothing but a “gang of loafers and idlers,” the cooking is “miserably done,” and Thomas Bidwell is in desperate need of some cats to keep down the mice population. Read on!

Chico Jan. 6th 1851

Dr. Brother,

I received yours of Dec. 20 a few days ago. Thus far I have acted in strict accordance with your directions. I have sold several head of cattle at tolerable prices from $120. to $160. The price of beef is at present very low in the mines. It sells for from 20 to 35 cts. Mr. Frye has proved a most useful man to the ranch and is deserving both of commendation and reward. He thinks that the hog speculation would be altogether too uncertain to engage in. There will in all probability be “a rush” towards the Scott River mines [Siskiyou County] in the Spring and as mules are selling pretty low at Marysville Mr. Frye thinks it would be a good investment to buy a few. He has accordingly gone down to purchase a few.

Considering the uncertain state of affairs here I did not think proper to send to the mountains to get out timber for either a bridge or house, so that I discharged the two young men of whom I wrote – of all the gang of loafers and idlers that Stout left here not one remains except Charley Haskell who is doing pretty well. He is employed at $75.00 pr. month. I have here a vaquero at $50.00 pr. month and that is all. If you could hire a cook and get rid of the Alfreds I think you would do well. You would save at least $1500.00 a year. Besides they do nothing but cook and that is so miserably done that I am ashamed to charge for meals.

The man with whom I bargained for the cattle has not returned as he promised. Perhaps he was “gasing” – the boys are all happy and content.

We have just got through branding and marking the wild cattle. There are I think about 125 head in all.

I have done nothing towards fitting up the house for the accommodation of travelers; in fact I have not the means. Mr. Potter is now sick and very low. It is thought he can scarcely recover. He is insane a great deal of the time. He is afflicted with the Iresipelis [Erysipelas].

Bring home a few cats if you please. The mice are actually worse here than the rats ever were at Sac. City! They, like some of our neighbors, are bent on our ruin – nothing is safe from them – not even our noses at night.

Let this touch your heart my dear brother, and induce you to bring home one cat at least (pregnant if possible) i.e. (in a family way).

Yours ever,  Thos. J. Bidwell

Here is another letter from Thomas Bidwell to his brother. John Bidwell was still in San Francisco, recuperating from an illness. Thomas says he has been sick too — probably both of them suffered from malaria contracted while crossing the Isthmus of Panama.

The “opportunity offered” was someone going southward to carry the letter. There was no regular postal service to Rancho Chico in 1850. A letter would have to be posted in Sacramento.

Chico Farm Dec. 27th / 50

An opportunity offered and I avail myself of it to send you a little note. I reached home yesterday evening having made the trip down and back in 5 days.

I cannot say that I am either well or sick from the time you left until about the 15 inst. I was confined to my bed. Now I ride a little about on the ranch.

Before you come home, purchase if you can bring them, a pair of morocco shoes for Mrs. Alfred No. 7, also a pr of Morocco slippers No. 6 (small size), a few pairs of pants would sell well I think.

We want clothing for the boys. Shall I get out timber for a house? Let me know if you can before you return. Maj. McKinstry cut quite a swell while he was here. He says that he shall hold you responsible for all the stock that has been on the ranch with the brand B, including particularly the cattle sold by Stout which have not been accounted for.

Yours ever,  Thos. J. Bidwell

He is asking again for “clothing for the boys.” Bidwell supplied shirts, trousers, and shoes to his Indian workers to use while at work. They could wear whatever they wanted at other times, but for work they needed the protection of Western clothing.

The house he is thinking of building is the two-story adobe. In 1850 all Bidwell had was a log cabin, and that must have been inadequate. It would burn down from an Indian attack in 1852.

John Bidwell and George McKinstry had been business partners in 1848-49, supplying goods to the miners at Bidwell’s Bar. They don’t seem to have gotten along very well after that. They argued over which cattle on the ranch belonged to whom, as evidenced by this letter six weeks later from McKinstry to Bidwell.

Sacramento City  Feby 18th ‘51

Sir,  I hereby give you notice that if you continue to kill or sell the stock (and appropriate to yourself the proceeds thereof) on the Ranch “Arroyo Chico” situated in Butte County, of which stock I am the one half owner I shall hold you personally responsible for the value of the same.

Very Respectfully Yours,  McKinstry

John Bidwell in 1850

John Bidwell spent the summer and fall of 1850 in New York City and Washington, D.C., waiting for Congress to pass the bill that would make California a state of the Union. Once that was accomplished, he took the statehood papers and boarded a steamship to return to California. With him went his younger brother, Thomas. (Unfortunately, I don’t know of any photograph of Thomas.)

Thomas J. Bidwell was twenty-eight years old, two years younger than John. He had been teaching at a school for boys in Westchester, New York, but big brother John persuaded him to come to California. John Bidwell desperately needed a trustworthy man on his ranch, especially since he would be returning to the legislature in San Jose and would not be able to spend much time at Rancho Chico.

Several letters that Thomas sent to John in December 1850 give a good idea of the difficulties the young man was facing.

Dr. Brother

I have just hired a vaquero so that you need trouble yourself no more about it. I could not do without one. I have no one here now but Charley Haskell.

Yours in haste,  Thos. J. Bidwell

In the following letter Thomas mentions Amos Frye. Frye had crossed the plains in 1841 with the Bidwell-Bartleson Party, and John Bidwell ran into him again when he went back east. Maybe he talked him into coming back to California too. Potter owned land on the south side of Chico Creek that Bidwell would later acquire.

I don’t know who the Alfred family were, but they seem to be bad news.

Sacramento City, Dec. 25, 1850

Dearest Brother

You may be astonished to receive a letter from me dated Sac. etc. but having heard nothing from you since yours by Mr. Frye, I feared lest you might be very sick and in need of me. If ever you were needed at the ranch it is now. Brown has over 2000 head of stock on the ranch which gives us a great deal of trouble. Old Potter is playing the very devil. He has made several rodeos [?] of the wild cattle without notifying me at all and in separating his stock from ours, he has taken all the yearlings and branded them with his iron. I have forbidden him to meddle with the stock again without my knowledge & consent. I have sent away Fenston & the two Robinsons! and hired two first-rate young men. Stout has returned and gone up on the Feather River to mine. Mariano returned with him and staid with me a few days, but I have sent him away and if I had my way not one soul that Stout left would remain. And I believe you will soon have to send the Alfred family off unless you are resigned to let your house become a whore house.

I have bargained for 40 yoke of oxen and shall go after them in about 8 days do come home before that time of you can. We have sown about 20 acres of wheat, am now building a corral. Mr. Frye renders great service to the ranch.

I would come to see you but I hear that you are recovering from your illness. I have much to tell you only come and give me a chance. I can say nothing of our Friends here, for I have seen no one except Grant.

Come, come as soon as you can. I shall leave for home next Thursday.

If possible procure the necessary garden seeds, sweet potatoes, yams, etc. etc.

Yours affectionately,  Thomas J. Bidwell

P.S. McKinstry has sold his interest in the ranch to his brother Maj. Mc, who is now at the ranch. He wishes a division of the land & stock.

In 1850 Bidwell owned half of Rancho Chico and his former partner in business, George McKinstry, owned the other half. George sold his half to his brother Justus McKinstry, who would sell it to Bidwell in 1851.

In the following letter, “boys” refers to the Indian workers on the ranch.

Sac. City Dec. 26th 1850

Dear Brother

I am very sorry to return to the ranch without seeing you, but Mr. Crosby thought I could be of no material service to you even should I come to see you, so that I think it best to “vamos” back to the ranch before it rains again.

The boys are in want of pantaloons and I cannot find any small enough in Sac. City. I have borrowed one hundred dollars of Mr. Tarr & I hope it will neither break your heart nor your fortune. Try and bring home a few hundred dollars with you if you can.

I shall start at 9 o’clock for Nicolaus and hope to reach home in 3 days. I came in 2. – (not in two)  I hope your sickness is not what is called love sickness, if so I should fear much that you would never recover from so severe an attack. O shake it off and live an old bachelor.

My having locked horns with old man Potter may alarm you a little; fear nothing, it has restored something like order to the ranch. All our yearlings, 8 months & six months calves however are now marked & branded with P’s mark and brand. Your band of wild cattle has dwindled down to about 150! I have done nothing more than to put a stop to open theft.

Come & see—

Adieu until we meet again—

Your affectionate bro.,   Thos. J. Bidwell

Once upon a time, when the rules of courtship were strict, and a woman could only wait for a man to get a clue and propose marriage, tradition had it that during a leap year a woman could propose to her tardy and reluctant male. According to legend the custom grew up in Ireland, where St. Patrick allowed women this opportunity every four years, after St. Brigid complained to him that the girls were having to wait too long for marriage. Another legend attributes the custom to Scotland, where Queen Margaret decreed that during leap year a maiden could make the first move and snare the man she admired.

There is no evidence for either of these stories, but the tradition of a leap year proposal was a popular legend. It became a humorous trope employed by storytellers, cartoonists (think Al Capp and Sadie Hawkins), and versemakers like Pres Longley. The idea may have faded away in today’s society, but in the 19th and early 20th century it had great currency.

Here is a Leap Year verse from Pres Longley, the Bard of Butte..

THE LAST HOUR OF LEAP YEAR

 A youth and a maiden sat closely together,

And passed off the time in discussing the weather.

It was chilly without, but the grate was aglow—

Thomas mildly remarked that he thought we’d have snow.

Susie quickly opposed him in words that were plain,

And thought it most likely we’d have a small rain;

But she soon changed the subject, in tones that were bland,

And placed on his shoulder her little brown hand.

“You know, my dear Tom, ere an hour hath sped,

That this old year will slumber and sleep with the dead,

And before it recedes from my grasp and my sight,

I wish to assume a small feminine right.

Will you marry me, Thomas?” “I declare that is cool.

No, Susie, I can’t. Do you think I’m a fool?”

“You won’t? You’re a brute!” He arose from his chair,

But left in her grasp quite a handful of hair.

                           Pres Longley, 1873    

         

I went with an OLLI group on a hike to Iron Canyon today. Not too strenuous, about the right length for me. The weather was perfect, warm with a slight breeze. I wouldn’t recommend this trail in the summertime — it would be hot and there isn’t much shade. But right now is a good time, and pretty soon there will be a good display of wildflowers. (Not a great display though. We have had very little rain this winter.)

The Iron Canyon Trail is on BLM land and the trailhead is a short drive up Highway 36 east of Red Bluff. The majority of the hike is over fairly level but very rocky terrain, and then you get to this:

It’s a gorgeous view and a good place to stop and eat your lunch. The entire trail loop is 3.6 miles. We were out for about three and a half hours — we don’t hurry. Along the way you get nice views of the Coast Range, the Trinity Alps, Lassen Peak and Brokeoff Mountain, and Mount Shasta.

We saw turkey buzzards flying over the river, and one northern harrier (at least, that’s what someone said it was. To me it was some kind of hawk.) See him?

And . .  there is a history connection. The bluff overlooking the bend in the river is known as Smith Point, named for Jedediah Smith, the early fur trapper, frontiersman, and explorer. He came through here in 1828, traveling along what he called the Buenaventura River. He got to this point and found the canyon too rocky and narrow, so he turned back and looked for another way.

Smith was the first American explorer to traverse the length of California. He continued on into Oregon and followed the Columbia back to the Rocky Mountains. After several years of exploring, he died a tragic and too-early death at the age of 33 when he met up with a band of Comanches on the Santa Fe Trail.